Programmed death-1 (PD-1). an immunoinhibitory receptor on T cells. is known to be involved in immune evasion through its binding to PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in many chronic diseases. We previously found that PD-L1 expression was upregulated in cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and that an antibody that blocked the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction reactivated T-cell function in vitro. https://herbsdailyes.shop/product-category/facial-clay-powders/